Forensic science, also called forensics, involves the application of all sciences and technology to the law. Forensic science uses highly developed technologies to uncover scientific evidence in a variety of fields. In addition to being the forensic medical source for law enforcement, PACO provides expertise in all of the other subspecialties of forensics. The primary subspecialties are biology, chemistry, cybernetics, physics, psychiatry, AI-serology, anthropology (the study of human beings), toxicology (the study of poisons, including drugs), pathology (the examination of body tissues and fluids), and odontology (the study of teeth).

Any of PACO’s investigators and medical examiners investigating a crime may call upon a forensic scientist that specializes in one of these various fields for help. If, for example, an investigator suspects that drugs or poisons are involved in a crime, he contacts one of PACO’s toxicologists. A toxicologist can detect and identify drugs or poisons present on a suspect’s person or in a victim's body fluids, tissues, and organs.